A017—“句子成分”之句子主语

一、关于主语Ng7小快课

含义：主语说明一个句子是“谁或什么”。Ng7小快课
作主语：Ng7小快课
1、词类（名词 、代词 、数词 、）Ng7小快课
2、短语（动词-ing形式 短语、不定式 短语）动词Ving、动词不定式作主语时通常用 it 作形式主语。Ng7小快课
3、句子（主语从句）Ng7小快课

二、案例Ng7小快课

1）English is very important.Ng7小快课

英语是很重要的。(名词作主语)Ng7小快课

2）They go to school by bus.Ng7小快课

他们乘公共汽车上学。(代词作主语)Ng7小快课

3）Most of the students come from the countryside.Ng7小快课

大多数学生来自农村。(代词作主语)Ng7小快课

4）Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.Ng7小快课

看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。(动词Ving形式（短语）作主语)Ng7小快课

5）The young should respect the old.Ng7小快课

年轻人应该尊重老人。（the +形容词,名词化的形容词）Ng7小快课

6）It's no use regretting it.Ng7小快课
后悔是无用的。Ng7小快课

7）To see is to believe.Ng7小快课

眼见为实。(动词不定式(短语)作主语)Ng7小快课

8）It is very hard to get to sleep.Ng7小快课

入睡很难。(形式主语)Ng7小快课

9）What we discuss in the class is important.Ng7小快课

我们在班上讨论的东西很重要。(句子做主语)Ng7小快课

10）That he lost the game made him very upset.Ng7小快课

他比赛失败让他很不开心。Ng7小快课

也可以：It made him very upset that he lost the game .（形式主语）Ng7小快课

三、巩固练习Ng7小快课

1. 划出以下句子的主语，并指出以下主语由什么词类或结构充当。Ng7小快课

2）Two-thirds of the experts in the hospital are women.（              ）

2）Who is speaking over there?   （         ）Ng7小快课

3）Living in that island for three months was an unforgettable experience for me.（              ）Ng7小快课

4）To complete the building in two months was a great job.（                 ）Ng7小快课

5）All work and no pay makes jack unhappy.（                   ）Ng7小快课

6）Whether we'll go depends on the weather.（                   ）Ng7小快课

7）There are four seasons in a year.      （           ）Ng7小快课

8）The teacher with two of his students  is walking into the classroom. （          ）Ng7小快课

2. 完成句子,指出由什么充当了主语Ng7小快课

1）饮酒过量对人健康有害。Ng7小快课

                                       does great harm to the health.  （           ）Ng7小快课

2）班里三分之一的学生是女孩。Ng7小快课

                        of the girls in this class are girls.（            ）Ng7小快课

3）富人应当帮助穷人。Ng7小快课

                       should help the poor.         （           ）Ng7小快课

4）我们什么时候要进行一场英语测试还没有决定。Ng7小快课

①                        have an English test has not been decided.（         ）Ng7小快课

②                                       have an English test has not been decided. （         ）Ng7小快课

5）对我们而言，学一门外语是有必要的。Ng7小快课

            is necessary                                                  a foreign language. （          ）Ng7小快课

3.句子翻译，注意主语由什么来充当Ng7小快课

1）班上三分之二的同学参与了这场讨论（discussion）。Ng7小快课
2）这个新手机是谁的（belong）？Ng7小快课
3）生活在乡下是一个难忘的经历（unforgettable, experience）。Ng7小快课
4）对他们来说，在一周内（within）完成这想工作真的不容易。Ng7小快课
5）那个老师和(with)他的学生一起参加了这项活动。Ng7小快课
6）他们是否会同意我们的建议并不重要。（matter）Ng7小快课
7）现在讨论这个问题没有用。Ng7小快课
8）人们普遍（ universally believed ）认为，在未来教育会有很大的改变。（主语从句）Ng7小快课
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1. 划出以下句子的主语，并指出以下主语由什么词类或结构充当。Ng7小快课
1）Two-thirds： 分数Ng7小快课
2）Who ：疑问代词Ng7小快课
3）Living in that island for three months： 动词Ving短语Ng7小快课
4）To complete the building in two months：动词不定式Ng7小快课
5）All work and no pay：名词短语Ng7小快课
6)  Whether we'll go：主语从句Ng7小快课
7）four seasons：名词Ng7小快课
8)  The teacher：名词Ng7小快课
2. 完成句子,指出由什么充当了主语Ng7小快课
1）Drinking too much （Ving 形式）Ng7小快课
2）One third （数词）Ng7小快课
3）The rich （the +形容词）Ng7小快课
4）①When to （不定式） ② When  we should （主语从句）Ng7小快课
5）It ; to learn （不定式短语）Ng7小快课
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3.句子翻译，注意主语由什么来充当Ng7小快课
1)Two thirds of the students in the class attended the discussion.（数词）Ng7小快课
2)Whom does the new cellphone belong to？（疑问代词）Ng7小快课
3)Living in the countryside is an unforgetable experience.（动词ing形式短语）Ng7小快课
4)It is not easy for them to finish the work within a week.（不定式短语）Ng7小快课
5)The teacher with his students participate in the activity. （名词）Ng7小快课
6) It doesn't matter whether they will agree.（主语从句）Ng7小快课
7)It is no use talking this question. （动词ing形式短语）Ng7小快课
8)It is universally believed that education will change a lot in the future.（主语从句）Ng7小快课