No 26 First Aid Techniques 急救技巧
On a foggy day, a scream interrupted my sleeping in. My elderly grandfather, who lived with me in the suburbs, slipped and fell over onto the carpet by the bathtub when catching mosquitoes, causing a minor heart attack. Not knowing any first-aid techniques, I called an emergency number in panic and the operator sent an ambulance without delay. On arrival, the paramedic checked his vital signs and gave him an IV needle.
在一个大雾天，一声尖叫打断了我的懒觉。和我一起住在郊区的年老的爷爷在抓蚊子时滑了一下，摔倒在了浴缸旁的地毯上，导致了轻微的心脏病发作。不懂任何急救技巧，我惊慌地拨打了紧急电话，接线员立即派出了救护车。到达后，医护人员检查了他的生命体征并进行了静脉注射。
In the hospital ward, seeing my grandfather out of shape, I couldn’t justify my ignorance. Having got a membership on a welfare website, I received a leaflet and a first-aid manual, which taught me practical first-aid techniques for medical emergencies, such as drowning, sprained ankle, poisoning and bad cut/bleeding.
在医院病房里，看着憔悴的爷爷，我无法为自己的无知辩护。在一个福利网站注册了会员后，我收到了一张宣传单和一份急救手册，手册教给我应对各种医疗紧急情况的实用急救技巧。例如溺水、扭伤脚踝、中毒和剧烈出血。
Taking burning for example, our skin, the largest organ, can get burnt by a variety of things: radiation, the sun’s rays, electric shock, toxins, or acids. First-degree burns affect only the top few millimetres of the skin, causing swollen blisters, while severe burns affect every layer of the skin, damaging nerves and tissue underneath. Victims even lose the sense of touch. You should remove fabric sticking to the burnt skin, apply some medicine easing discomfort, and wrap the burnt area loosely with a clean cloth.
以烧伤为例，我们的皮肤，身体最大的器官，可能会被各种东西烧伤：辐射、太阳的光线、电击、毒素或酸。一级烧伤只会影响皮肤表层几毫米，造成肿胀的水疱，而严重的烧伤会影响皮肤的每一层，破坏下面的神经和组织。受伤者甚至会失去触觉。你应该去掉黏在烧伤皮肤上的织物，涂上一些缓解不适的药物，然后用干净的布宽松地包裹烧伤区域。
Compared with burning, choking require more urgent attention because the victims usually has only minutes before collapsing. If your fellow diner hold his throat desperately when swallowing steak, slapping after laying him face down on your lap may force out the obstructions. If this doesn’t work, you must help him to his feet and perform the Heimlich manoeuvre: grab your fist with your other hand tightly and push into his upper stomach in quick motion.
与烧伤相比，窒息需要更紧急的关注，因为受害者通常几分钟就会昏倒。如果和你共同就餐的人在吞咽牛排时拼命地捂住喉咙，将他脸朝下放到你膝上后拍打可能会排出阻塞物。如果这不管用，你必须帮他站起来，进行海姆力克操作法：用另一只手紧紧地抓住你的拳头并以快速地运动挤压他的上腹部。