No 31 Beauty of Poetry 诗歌之美
Poetry originated from nursery rhymes and folk songs, which are easy to recite for arrangements of rhymes and rhythm. Wherever they are, even amateurs can compose the simple version of poetry, such as cinquain which is made up of five lines and Haiku, which has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. In Shakespeare’s dramas during the Victorian era, characters from civilians to kings all speak in blank verse.
诗歌起源于童谣和民歌，它们因押韵和节奏的安排而容易背诵。无论在何处，即使是业余爱好者也能创作简版的诗歌，比如由五行组成的五行诗，以及格式为三行的俳句，分别包含5、7和5个音节。在维多利亚时代的莎士比亚戏剧中，从平民到国王的角色都以无韵诗的形式发言。
Over time, poetry become more complicated and more polished. The distinctive characteristics of poetry include integrated imagery, such as a mockingbird mocking innocent bees that never utter speech, a dominant bull teasing sympathetic billy goats or a farmer sowing seeds on a barren lawn with brass tools, and literary devices like metaphors, which may compare a fallen cherry blossom to a delicate butterfly, the dawn dewdrops on a clover to diamonds, or meeting the deadline for a contest to holding the string of a kite in revolving wind.
随着时间的推移，诗歌变得越来越复杂和精致。诗歌的显著特征包括整合的意象，比如一只嘲笑从不说话的无辜蜜蜂的嘲鸫，一头嘲弄有同情心的山羊的强势的公牛，或一位用铜制工具在贫瘠的草坪上播撒种子的农民，以及像比喻这样的文学手法，例如将落下的樱花比作精致的蝴蝶，将三叶草上的晨露比作钻石，或者将为比赛赶最后期限比作在旋转的风中握住风筝的线。
Reading poetry books awaiting us on shelves is like entering into correspondence with celebrated poets. Compared with prose, poetry like sonnets can easily convey certain moods, such as joy, sorrow, grief, and sympathy. To promote comprehension and get to the core, we must comprehend from the poet’s perspective and have a sympathetic understanding of the poets’ moods. Besides, each poem has its own respective theme. Dream Variation, for example, is about a world free of inequality and racial prejudice, a dream that corresponds with the poet’s innocence.
阅读那些在书架上等候着我们的诗集，就像与著名诗人进行书信交流。与散文相比，像十四行诗这样的诗歌更容易传达某种情绪，比如快乐、悲伤、痛苦和同情。为了促进理解并把握核心，我们必须从诗人的角度去理解，并对诗人的情绪有同情的体察。此外，每首诗都有其各自的主题。例如，《梦想变奏曲》讲述的是一个没有不平等和种族偏见的世界，这一梦想与诗人的单纯相一致。